Protection of border regions-cities located between states possessing nuclear weapons and non nuclear weapon states: new norms in international law


Protección de regiones-ciudades fronterizas ubicadas entre Estados con armas nucleares y Estados sin armas nucleares: nuevas normas en el derecho internacional


https://doi.org/10.21670/ref.2214098

Authors

Keywords:

border regions and cities, protection norm, humanitarian impact, nuclear disarmament, international treaties

Abstract

The objective of this article is to analyze the border regions-cities between States possessing nuclear weapons and non-nuclear-weapon States for a norm proposal of protection to prevent the risk of a nuclear attack. The research identified States, the number of cities and population of border regions, and compared the amount of population of such regions with the population covered by the treaties of the nuclear-weapons-free zones and the treaties of nuclear-weapon-free geographical regions-areas. The study analyzed the humanitarian consequences of a hypothetical nuclear detonation in a border region between the United States and Mexico (Tijuana-San Diego case) and its geopolitical implications for international security. The conclusions expose that the border regions are vulnerable in the absence of norms, and the proposal is viable for the creation of an international norm of protection compatible with the treaties that seek nuclear disarmament.

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las regiones-ciudades fronterizas entre Estados con armas nucleares y Estados sin armas nucleares para una propuesta de norma de protección orientada a prevenir el riesgo de ataque nuclear. La investigación identificó Estados, cantidad de ciudades y de población de las regiones fronterizas y comparó la cantidad de población de las regiones fronterizas con la población cubierta por los tratados de zonas libres de armas nucleares y los tratados de regiones-áreas geográficas libres de armas nucleares. El estudio analizó las consecuencias humanitarias de una hipotética detonación nuclear en una región fronteriza entre Estados Unidos y México (caso Tijuana-San Diego) y sus implicaciones geopolíticas en la seguridad internacional. Las conclusiones exponen que las regiones fronterizas son vulnerables ante la ausencia de normas, y la propuesta es viable para la creación de una norma internacional de protección compatible con los tratados que buscan el desarme nuclear.

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Published

2022-08-15

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Author Biography

Joshua Torres Sandoval

Mexican. PhD in Global Development Studies from the Faculty of Economics and International Relations of the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC). Research professor at the Faculty of Law of the UABC. He is a member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) Level 1 and has the recognition of the desirable profile Prodep. Research lines: nuclear disarmament and international law. Recent publication: Torres Sandoval, J. (2021). Desarme nuclear y derecho internacional: tratados y las conferencias sobre el impacto humanitario de las armas nucleares. Ius Comitiãlis, 4(7), 35-61. https://doi.org/10.36677/iuscomitialis.v4i7.14212